Engine Classification

Engine Classification according to Fuel Used

Gasoline Engine uses gasoline as fuel. This engine uses carburetor to mix fuel with air and form it into a vaporized form before it goes into the cylinder and ignited by spark plug.

Diesel Engine uses crude oil as fuel. Air is compressed to rise up temperature and fuel is injected into cylinder in atomized form. Hot compressed air ignites the fuel.

Engine Classification according to Method of Cooling

Indirect Cooling System usually called water engine. Water circulates inside the engine through water jackets and absorbs heat to maintain engine operating temperature. Hot water is being cooled to the radiator.

Direct Cooling System usually called air cooled engine. Air is blown by the blower to the engine body with air fins to absorb heat.

Engine Classification according to Cylinder Arrangement

Vertical or Inline Engine has cylinders have vertical center lines arrange one after the other.

Horizontal Engine has engine with horizontal center line of cylinders.

V Type Engine has engine block or cylinders resembles a letter V shape.

Radial Engine has cylinders arranged in radial manner.

Engine Classification according to Valve Arrangement

T Head Arrangement has valves arranged in both side of cylinder block. All intake valves in one side all exhaust on the other side.

L Head Engine has intake and exhaust valves arrange in one side of cylinder block.

F Head Engine have intake valves in the cylinder head and exhaust valves on one side of cylinder block.

I Head Engine has all intake and exhaust valves located in the cylinder head block.

Parts of Automobile

The major parts of automobile are as follows:

Engine is the main source of power. It is a self propelled device that can produce power by itself through conversion of chemical to heat to mechanical energy.

The power or drive train unit consist of parts that transmit the power from the engine until it finally reaches the wheels. The conventional type composed of clutch, transmission, universal joints, propeller shaft, differential and drive axle. 

The running gear system consist of accessory units that assist the engine and the power train unit in enabling smooth operation running and control of the automotive vehicle. Running gear includes steering system, brake system, front and rear suspension system, wheels and tires, shock absorbers, linkages, leaf and coil spring, torsion bars and other accessory units.

The body is the compartment where the operator or driver and passenger or car goers are housed. The body includes the dashboards and instrument panel, seats, seat belts, lights, mirrors, wipers, air condition and other paraphernalia needed to provide comfort and safety to both driver and passenger.

The frame is referred to as skeleton of the automobile where the engine, power train unit, running gear system and body are attached together unitized into a  complete automobile.

The chassis unit consist of all parts of the automobile like engine, power train unit, running gear system and frame minus automobile body.

Cylinder Compression Test

Conducting a Cylinder Compression Test. Before conducting a compression test, disable the ignition and the fuel injection system if the engine is so equipped. Prop the throttle plate into a wide open position to allow an unrestricted amount of air to enter the cylinders during the test. Remove all of the engine's spark plugs.

Connect a remote starter button to the starter system. There are may types of compression gauges available. The screw in type tends to be the most accurate and easiest to use. Carefully install the gauge into the spark hole of the first cylinder.

Connect a battery charger to the car to allow the engine to crank at consistent and normal speeds needed for accurate test result. Depress the remote starter button and observe the gauge's reading after the first engine revolution. Allow the engine to turn through four revolutions and observe the reading after the fourth. he pressure from The reading should increase with each revolution. Readings observed should be recorded. Before removing the gauge from the cylinder, you can release the pressure from it using the valve on the gauge.

After testing all the cylinders. If one or more cylinders is much lower than the other, continue nder with testing those cylinder with the test. Squirt a small amount of oilring sealing into weak cylinder. Reinstall the compression gauge into that cylinder and conduct the test. If the reading increases with the presence of oil in the cylinder, the most likely cause of the original low readings was poor piston sealing. Using oil during a compression test is normally referred to as a wet test.

Drum Brake Parts

Here are the list of Drum Brake Parts:

Bleeder Screw Cap
Bleeder Screw
Wheel Cylinder Cup
Wheel Cylinder Boot
Wheel Cylinder
Wheel Cylinder Piston
Shoe to Shoe Spring
Strut
Strut to Shoe Spring
Parking Lever
Leading Shoe and Lining
Anchor
Retainer Pin
Trailing Brake Shoe
Shoe Hold Down Spring
Shoe Return Spring
Latch
Adjusting Lever
Stopper
Spring
Pin
Brake Drum